History
Act No. 157- Creation of Board of Health of the Philippine (BON)
Act No. 1407- Abolish BOH to DILG
1919 Mrs. Carmen Del Rosario – 1st Filipino Nurse Supervisor
1990-1992 – Local Revolutionary Code of 1991, RA 7160 Revolution Code National to local
Definition
Health – (WHO) state of complete physical, mental and social well being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
Public health – (Dr. C.E. Winslow) the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, promoting health and efficiency through organized community effeort.
Community Health Nursing (Jacobson)- is a learned practice discipline with the ultimate goal of contributing as individual and in collaboration with others to the promotion of clients optimum level of function through teaching and delivery of care.
Factors affecting Optimum Level of Function (OLOF)
- 1. Political
- 2. Behavioral
- 3. hereditary
- 4. Health Care Delivery System
- 5. Environmental Influences
- 6. Socio economic Influences
Concepts
- 1. The primary focus of community health nursing practice is on health promotion.
- 2. Community health nurses are generalist in term of their practice through life but the whole community.
- 3. Community health nurses are generalist in terms of their practice through life continuity in its full range of health problems and needs.
- 4. The nature of CHN practice requires that current knowledge derived from the biological, social science, ecology, clinical nursing and community health organizations be utilized
- 5. Contact with the client and or family may continue over a long period of time which includes all ages and all types of health care.
- 6. The dynamic process of assessing, planning, implementing and intervening provide measurements of progress, evaluation and a continuum of the cycle until the termination of nursing is implicit in the practice of community health nursing.
Principles
- 1. CHN is based on recognized needs of communities, families, groups and individuals.
- 2. The community health nurse must understand fully the objectives and policies of the agency she represents.
- 3. In CHN, the family is the Unit of services.
- 4. CHN must be available to all regardless of race, creed and socioeconomic status
- 5. Health teaching is a primary responsibility of the CHN.
- 6. The community health nurse works as a member of the health team.
- 7. There must be a provision for period’s evaluation of community health team.
- 8. Opportunities for continuation staff education programs nurses must be provided by the CHN agency. The community health nurse also has a responsibility for his/her own professional growth.
- 9. The community health nurse makes use of available community health resources.
- 10. The community health nurse utilizes the already existing active organized groups in the community.
- 11. There must be provision for educative supervision CHN
- 12. There should be accurate recording and reporting in CHN.
Public Health Nurse
- 1. Planner/programmer
- 2. Provide of Nursing Care/Caregiver
- 3. Manager/Supervisor
- 4. Community Organizer
- 5. Coordinator of Service
- 6. Trainer/ Health Educator/ Counselor
- 7. Health monitor
- 8. Role Model
- 9. Change Agent
- 10. Recorder/ Reporter/ Statistician
- 11. Researcher
Community Health Process
Assessment
Collection of data, collected from family, groups and community.
Examples: Demographic Data
Vital Health Statistics
Community Dynamics
Health Status
Education
Methods: Community Survey
Interview
Statistics
Epidemiological studies
Common indicators of health status
Ø Morbidity
Ø Mortality
Categories of Health Problems
Ø Health Deficit (HD)
Ø Health Treat (HT)
Ø Foreseeable Crisis (FC)
Ex: Active TB- HD
45 yr, old male smoke- HT
Sedimentary health style- Ht
Early pregnancy- FC
Father of family losses his job FC
Death in the family- FC
Patient is sick due to pneumonia- HD
Children who are not immunized- HT
Lack of prenatal check – up- HT
Eclampsia- HD
Working hazard- HT
Hypertensive- HD
With measles “child”- HD
Family members has liprosy (microbactria liporea)- HD
Marriage- FC
Community diagnosis
- A. Physical Characteristics
- B. Population Characteristics
- C. Environmental factors
- D. Knowledge, attitude, practices of the people
- E. Community resources and facilities
Planning: Based on the actual and potential problems that were identified and prioritized
Goal: Declaration of purpose or intent, gives essential direction to action
Specific objectives: Made in terms of activities of daily living
Implementation:
Ø Carries out nursing procedures which are consistent with nursing with nursing care plans.
Ø Involve the patient with his/her family
Ø Utilized support system
Evaluation
Frame works
- a. Structural elements
- b. Process elements
- c. Outcome elements
Nursing Procedures
Clinic Visit
- 1. Pre-consultation conference
- 2. Medical examination
- 3. Nursing intervention
- 4. Post consultation conference
Home Visit- face to face contact with the client
Principles
- 1. A home visit should have a purpose or objective
- 2. Planning for a home visit should use every available information about the family, and individual
- 3. Planning should revolve around the essential needs of the individual
- 4. Planning of a continuing care involve the individual or family
- 5. Planning should be flexible and practical
Bag technique- Tool
Public health bag- is an indispensable equipment of the public health nurse
Principles
- 1. Prevent the spread of infection
- 2. Save time and effort
- 3. should not shadow the concern for the patient
- 4. Can be performer in a variety of ways
- Zippiram solution- disinfectant